The founding of Lisbon dates back to the 12th century B.C., making it older than Rome and an important international capital. It was from this seaport that the explorations of Vasco de Gama and others led to Portugal’s control of half of the New World. Today it is home to splendid art and maritime museums and a 13th-century castle, featuring rare white peacocks and black-necked swans in its garden. Fado is a unique, soulful type of singing you can hear while relaxing in Lisbon’s cafes.